There are a number of chemotherapy drugs that can be used to treat bladder cancer that has spread. Two of the most widely used are:

MVAC, a combination of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin

CG, a combination of cisplatin and gemcitabine

Both of these combinations of treatment have been found to be equally effective in treating bladder cancer. In clinical trials about half the people who had one of these treatments had their cancers shrink in size or grow more slowly for a time. Although the effects of these chemotherapy combinations are similar, the side effects they can cause differ. Generally the side effects tend to be milder for GC chemotherapy than for MVAC.

Doctors are also looking at a number of other chemotherapy combinations that may be helpful in treating bladder cancer that has spread. Often these combinations would be offered as part of a clinical trial.

When deciding on whether chemotherapy may be of benefit to you. Your doctors will look at a number of factors, including; what treatments you have already had, your age and general health and your personal preferences.

Reference

• Jakse et al 2004. Guidelines on Bladder Cancer. European Association of Urology.